Ax Yuhang Wang, Haichang Gao, Zhenxing Niu, Zhaoxiang Liu, Wenjing Zhang, Xiang Wang, Shiguo Lian 4/6/2026

A Systematic Security Evaluation of OpenClaw and Its Variants

Systematic security evaluation of six OpenClaw-series AI agent frameworks identifying vulnerabilities in tool-augmented LLM agents.

Ax Ema Smolic, Mario Brcic, Luka Hobor, Mihael Kovac 4/6/2026

AI-Assisted Unit Test Writing and Test-Driven Code Refactoring: A Case Study

Case study of AI-assisted unit test writing and test-driven refactoring for improving legacy codebase maintainability.

Ax Jian Yang, Wei Zhang, Jiajun Wu, Junhang Cheng, Tuney Zheng, Fanglin Xu, Weicheng Gu, Lin Jing, Yaxin Du, Joseph Li, Yizhi Li, Yan Xing, Chuan Hao, Ran Tao, Ruihao Gong, Aishan Liu, Zhoujun Li, Mingjie Tang, Chenghua Lin, Siheng Chen, Wayne Xin Zhao, Xianglong Liu, Ming Zhou, Bryan Dai, Weifeng Lv 4/6/2026

InCoder-32B-Thinking: Industrial Code World Model for Thinking

InCoder-32B-Thinking model trained with Error-driven Chain-of-Thought for industrial code generation with reasoning traces.

Ax Lihao Sun, Lewen Yan, Xiaoya Lu, Andrew Lee, Jie Zhang, Jing Shao 4/6/2026

Valence-Arousal Subspace in LLMs: Circular Emotion Geometry and Multi-Behavioral Control

Method for identifying valence-arousal emotion subspace in LLM representations using steering vectors and PCA.

Ax Prakhar Bansal, Shivangi Agarwal 4/6/2026

Beyond the Parameters: A Technical Survey of Contextual Enrichment in Large Language Models: From In-Context Prompting to Causal Retrieval-Augmented Generation

Survey of contextual enrichment strategies for LLMs from in-context prompting through retrieval-augmented generation and GraphRAG.

Ax Gengwei Zhang, Jie Peng, Zhen Tan, Mufan Qiu, Hossein Nourkhiz Mahjoub, Vaishnav Tadiparthi, Kwonjoon Lee, Yanyong Zhang, Tianlong Chen 4/6/2026

Understanding the Role of Hallucination in Reinforcement Post-Training of Multimodal Reasoning Models

Analysis of hallucination effects in reinforcement learning post-training for multimodal LLMs, examining whether RL improves visual reasoning or merely exploits hallucinations.

Ax Nikita Vassilyev, William Berrios, Ruowang Zhang, Bo Han, Douwe Kiela, Shikib Mehri 4/6/2026

Reflective Context Learning: Studying the Optimization Primitives of Context Space

Research on optimization primitives in context space for AI agents, addressing credit assignment, overfitting, and learning signal challenges.

Ax Dipto Sumit, Ankan Kumar Roy, Sadia Khair Rodela, Atia Haque Asha, Mourchona Afrin, Niloy Farhan, Farig Yousuf Sadeque 4/6/2026

Reliability Gated Multi-Teacher Distillation for Low Resource Abstractive Summarization

arXiv paper on multi-teacher knowledge distillation for low-resource abstractive summarization using inter-teacher agreement for supervision routing.

Ax Daniel C. MacRae, Luuk van der Hoek, Robert van der Wal, Suzanne P. M. de Vette, Hendrike Neh, Baoqiang Ma, Peter M. A. van Ooijen, Lisanne V. van Dijk 4/6/2026

PR3DICTR: A modular AI framework for medical 3D image-based detection and outcome prediction

arXiv paper introducing PR3DICTR, open-access PyTorch/MONAI framework for 3D medical image classification and outcome prediction.

Ax Van Sy Mai, Kushal Chakrabarti, Richard J. La, Dipankar Maity 4/6/2026

Enhancing Robustness of Federated Learning via Server Learning

arXiv paper on server learning with client filtering to improve federated learning robustness against malicious attacks.

Ax Yuqi Wu, Guangya Wan, Jingjing Li, Shengming Zhao, Lingfeng Ma, Tianyi Ye, Ion Pop, Yanbo Zhang, Jie Chen 4/6/2026

WiseMind: a knowledge-guided multi-agent framework for accurate and empathetic psychiatric diagnosis

arXiv paper on WiseMind, multi-agent LLM framework inspired by Dialectical Behavior Therapy for reliable and empathetic psychiatric diagnosis.

Ax Beidan Liu, Zhengqiu Zhu, Chen Gao, Tianle Pu, Yong Zhao, Wei Qi, Quanjun Yin 4/6/2026

Learn to Relax with Large Language Models: Solving Constraint Optimization Problems via Bidirectional Coevolution

arXiv paper on AutoCO, LLM-based method coupling OR principles with bidirectional coevolution for complex constraint optimization problems.

Ax Pouya Hamadanian, Pantea Karimi, Arash Nasr-Esfahany, Kimia Noorbakhsh, Joseph Chandler, Ali ParandehGheibi, Mohammad Alizadeh, Hari Balakrishnan 4/6/2026

Glia: A Human-Inspired AI for Automated Systems Design and Optimization

arXiv paper on Glia, multi-agent LLM architecture for autonomous computer systems design using specialized agents with empirical feedback loops.

Ax Jiayu Liu, Cheng Qian, Zhaochen Su, Qing Zong, Shijue Huang, Bingxiang He, Yi R. Fung 4/6/2026

CostBench: Evaluating Multi-Turn Cost-Optimal Planning and Adaptation in Dynamic Environments for LLM Tool-Use Agents

arXiv paper introducing CostBench benchmark for evaluating LLM tool-use agents on cost-optimal planning and adaptation in dynamic environments.

Ax Fanrui Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Sizhuo Zhou, Jianwen Sun, Chuanhao Li, Jiaxin Ai, Yukang Feng, Yujie Zhang, Wenjie Li, Zizhen Li, Yifan Chang, Jiawei Liu, Kaipeng Zhang 4/6/2026

Code-in-the-Loop Forensics: Agentic Tool Use for Image Forgery Detection

arXiv paper on code-in-the-loop agentic tool use for image forgery detection, unifying low-level artifacts with semantic knowledge from MLLMs.

Ax Sixue Xing, Kerui Wu, Xuanye Xia, Meng Jiang, Jintai Chen, Tianfan Fu 4/6/2026

ClinicalReTrial: Clinical Trial Redesign with Self-Evolving Agents

arXiv paper on ClinicalReTrial, multi-agent system using LLMs to redesign failing clinical trial protocols with actionable recommendations.

Ax Jiayi Yuan, Jonathan N\"other, Natasha Jaques, Goran Radanovi\'c 4/6/2026

AgenticRed: Evolving Agentic Systems for Red-Teaming

arXiv paper on AgenticRed, automated pipeline using in-context learning to evolve red-teaming systems without human-designed workflows.

Ax Bowen Cao, Dongdong Zhang, Yixia Li, Junpeng Liu, Shijue Huang, Chufan Shi, Hongyuan Lu, Yaokang Wu, Guanhua Chen, Wai Lam, Furu Wei 4/6/2026

From Abstract to Contextual: What LLMs Still Cannot Do in Mathematics

arXiv paper analyzing gap between LLM math benchmark performance and real-world application through contextual reasoning benchmark ContextMATH.

Ax Yang Li, Yule Liu, Xinlei He, Youjian Zhao, Qi Li, Ke Xu 4/6/2026

Chain-of-Authorization: Embedding authorization into large language models

arXiv paper on embedding authorization mechanisms directly into LLM reasoning to prevent data leakage and unauthorized command execution.

Ax Canfer Akbulut, Rasmi Elasmar, Abhishek Roy, Anthony Payne, Priyanka Suresh, Lujain Ibrahim, Seliem El-Sayed, Charvi Rastogi, Ashyana Kachra, Will Hawkins, Kristian Lum, Laura Weidinger 4/6/2026

Evaluating Language Models for Harmful Manipulation

arXiv paper introducing framework for evaluating harmful AI manipulation through human-AI interaction studies across policy, finance, and health domains.

Ax Zelin Tan, Zhouliang Yu, Bohan Lin, Zijie Geng, Hejia Geng, Yudong Zhang, Mulei Zhang, Yang Chen, Shuyue Hu, Zhenfei Yin, Chen Zhang, Lei Bai 4/6/2026

PAPO: Stabilizing Rubric Integration Training via Decoupled Advantage Normalization

arXiv paper proposing PAPO, integrating process-level evaluation into policy optimization to improve reasoning quality beyond final-answer correctness.

Ax Sha Li, Naren Ramakrishnan 4/6/2026

Experience as a Compass: Multi-agent RAG with Evolving Orchestration and Agent Prompts

arXiv paper on multi-agent RAG with adaptive orchestration and evolving agent prompts to handle complex multi-hop reasoning tasks.

Ax Esakkivel Esakkiraja, Sai Rajeswar, Denis Akhiyarov, Rajagopal Venkatesaramani 4/6/2026

Therefore I am. I Think

Analysis showing LLM reasoning models encode decisions before generating chain-of-thought explanations via linear probes.

Ax Khalid Adnan Alsayed 4/6/2026

When AI Gets it Wrong: Reliability and Risk in AI-Assisted Medication Decision Systems

Study evaluating reliability and risk of AI systems in medication decision-making and healthcare workflows.

Ax Yash Shah, Abhijit Chakraborty, Naresh Kumar Devulapally, Vishnu Lokhande, Vivek Gupta 4/6/2026

OSCAR: Orchestrated Self-verification and Cross-path Refinement

OSCAR framework for mitigating hallucinations in diffusion language models using self-verification during generation.

Ax Sarath Shekkizhar, Romain Cosentino, Adam Earle 4/6/2026

Beyond the Assistant Turn: User Turn Generation as a Probe of Interaction Awareness in Language Models

Research probing whether LLMs encode awareness of conversation continuity by generating user turns after assistant responses.

Ax Thomas Jiralerspong, Xiaoyin Chen, Yash More, Vedant Shah, Yoshua Bengio 4/6/2026

Efficient Causal Graph Discovery Using Large Language Models

Novel framework using LLMs for causal graph discovery via breadth-first search, reducing query complexity from quadratic to linear.

Ax Haoyu Wang, Chunyu Qiang, Tianrui Wang, Cheng Gong, Yu Jiang, Yuheng Lu, Chen Zhang, Longbiao Wang, Jianwu Dang 4/6/2026

Expressive Prompting: Improving Emotion Intensity and Speaker Consistency in Zero-Shot TTS

Improves emotion intensity and speaker consistency in zero-shot LLM-based text-to-speech through expressive prompt design methods.

Ax Jiawei Liu, Fanrui Zhang, Jiaying Zhu, Esther Sun, Dong Li, Qiang Zhang, Zheng-Jun Zha 4/6/2026

ForgeryGPT: A Multimodal LLM for Interpretable Image Forgery Detection and Localization

Multimodal LLM fine-tuned for interpretable image forgery detection and localization providing semantic understanding beyond low-level artifacts.

Ax Yongxiang Liu, Bowen Peng, Li Liu, Xiang Li 4/6/2026

S$^4$ST: A Strong, Self-transferable, faSt, and Simple Scale Transformation for Transferable Targeted Attack

Proposes scale transformation method for transferable targeted adversarial attacks requiring minimal data without surrogate model feedback.

Ax Shin'ya Yamaguchi, Kosuke Nishida, Daiki Chijiwa, Yasutoshi Ida 4/6/2026

Zero-shot Concept Bottleneck Models

Zero-shot concept bottleneck models enabling interpretable predictions without target task training by leveraging zero-shot learning.

Ax Minkyu Choi, S P Sharan, Harsh Goel, Sahil Shah, Sandeep Chinchali 4/6/2026

We'll Fix it in Post: Improving Text-to-Video Generation with Neuro-Symbolic Feedback

Improves text-to-video generation semantic and temporal consistency using neuro-symbolic feedback without retraining the model.

Ax Tianyou Li, Haijun Zou, Jiayuan Wu, Zaiwen Wen 4/6/2026

LMask: Learn to Solve Constrained Routing Problems with Lazy Masking

LMask framework uses dynamic masking with learning to solve constrained routing problems as combinatorial optimization tasks.

Ax Jialin Yang, Dongfu Jiang, Lipeng He, Sherman Siu, Yuxuan Zhang, Disen Liao, Zhuofeng Li, Huaye Zeng, Yiming Jia, Haozhe Wang, Benjamin Schneider, Chi Ruan, Wentao Ma, Zhiheng Lyu, Yifei Wang, Yi Lu, Quy Duc Do, Ziyan Jiang, Ping Nie, Wenhu Chen 4/6/2026

StructEval: Benchmarking LLMs' Capabilities to Generate Structural Outputs

StructEval benchmark systematically evaluates LLM capabilities in generating structured outputs across JSON, HTML, React, SVG and other formats.

Ax Vyacheslav Kungurtsev, Monicah Cherop Naibei, Gustav Sir, Akhil Anand, Sebastien Gros, Haozhe Tian, Homayoun Hamedmoghadam 4/6/2026

Mission-Aligned Learning-Informed Control of Autonomous Systems: Formulation and Foundations

Formalizes mission-aligned learning-informed control framework for autonomous physical agents integrating learning with task objectives.

Ax Shaoan Xie, Lingjing Kong, Yujia Zheng, Yu Yao, Zeyu Tang, Eric P. Xing, Guangyi Chen, Kun Zhang 4/6/2026

SmartCLIP: Modular Vision-language Alignment with Identification Guarantees

Proposes modular vision-language alignment architecture improving CLIP's handling of multi-object images and caption misalignment.

Ax Doha Nam, Taehyoun Kim, Duksan Ryu, Jongmoon Baik 4/6/2026

ReDef: Do Code Language Models Truly Understand Code Changes for Just-in-Time Software Defect Prediction?

Introduces ReDef, high-confidence software defect prediction dataset from 22 C/C++ projects, evaluating code language model understanding of changes.

Ax Woojung Song, Dongmin Choi, Yoonah Park, Jongwook Han, Yohan Jo 4/6/2026

Human Psychometric Questionnaires Mischaracterize LLM Psychology: Evidence from Generation Behavior

Compares psychometric questionnaire profiles with actual LLM generation behavior across eight open-source models to assess assessment validity.

Ax Jason Chen, I-Chun Arthur Liu, Gaurav Sukhatme, Daniel Seita 4/6/2026

ROPA: Synthetic Robot Pose Generation for RGB-D Bimanual Data Augmentation

Generates synthetic robot poses for RGB-D bimanual manipulation data augmentation to improve imitation learning policy training.

Ax Tanise Ceron, Dmitry Nikolaev, Dominik Stammbach, Debora Nozza 4/6/2026

What Is The Political Content in LLMs' Pre- and Post-Training Data?

Analyzes political bias in LLM training data composition across pre and post-training stages to understand sources of model bias.

Ax Zhibo Hou, Zhiyu An, Wan Du 4/6/2026

Beyond Noisy-TVs: Noise-Robust Exploration Via Learning Progress Monitoring

Proposes learning progress monitoring to improve exploration efficiency in reinforcement learning agents when encountering unlearnable noise sources.

Ax Hita Kambhamettu, Alyssa Hwang, Philippe Laban, Andrew Head 4/6/2026

Attribution Gradients: Incrementally Unfolding Citations for Critical Examination of Attributed AI Answers

Introduces attribution gradients technique to improve citation informativeness and evidence transparency in AI answer engines.

Ax Zhongkai Yu, Yue Guan, Zihao Yu, Chenyang Zhou, Zhengding Hu, Shuyi Pei, Yangwook Kang, Yufei Ding, Po-An Tsai 4/6/2026

Patterns behind Chaos: Forecasting Data Movement for Efficient Large-Scale MoE LLM Inference

Forecasts expert selection patterns in Mixture of Experts LLMs to optimize data movement overhead in multi-unit serving systems.

Ax Frank Wu, Mengye Ren 4/6/2026

Local Reinforcement Learning with Action-Conditioned Root Mean Squared Q-Functions

Extends Forward-Forward algorithm to reinforcement learning using action-conditioned Q-functions and layer activity statistics as learning signals.

Ax Federica Bologna, Tiffany Pan, Matthew Wilkens, Yue Guo, Lucy Lu Wang 4/6/2026

CQA-Eval: Designing Reliable Evaluations of Multi-paragraph Clinical QA under Resource Constraints

CQA-Eval evaluation framework for multi-paragraph clinical question answering systems with physician annotations and recommendations for resource-constrained settings.

Ax Subhodip Panda, Dhruv Tarsadiya, Shashwat Sourav, Prathosh A. P, Sai Praneeth Karimireddy 4/6/2026

f-INE: A Hypothesis Testing Framework for Estimating Influence under Training Randomness

f-INE hypothesis testing framework estimates sample influence on model performance while accounting for training randomness, addressing instability in existing influence estimation methods.

Ax Daniel Zhao, Daniel Beaglehole, Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick, Julian McAuley, Zachary Novack 4/6/2026

Steering Autoregressive Music Generation with Recursive Feature Machines

MusicRFM framework adapts Recursive Feature Machines to enable fine-grained control over frozen pre-trained music generation models via internal activation steering.

Ax Chun-Ming Huang, Li-Heng Chang, I-Hsin Chang, An-Sheng Lee, Hao Kuo-Chen 4/6/2026

Recovering Sub-threshold S-wave Arrivals in Deep Learning Phase Pickers via Shape-Aware Loss

Deep learning approach fixing systematic S-wave detection failures in seismic phase picking via shape-aware loss functions.

Ax Rohit Kundu, Vishal Mohanty, Hao Xiong, Shan Jia, Athula Balachandran, Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury 4/6/2026

SAGA: Source Attribution of Generative AI Videos

SAGA framework for source attribution of AI-generated videos. Identifies specific generative model used instead of binary real/fake detection.

Ax Stefanos Koutoupis, Michaela Areti Zervou, Konstantinos Kontras, Maarten De Vos, Panagiotis Tsakalides, Grigorios Tsagkatakis 4/6/2026

The More, the Merrier: Contrastive Fusion for Higher-Order Multimodal Alignment

Research on contrastive fusion for higher-order multimodal alignment in joint representation learning across multiple modalities.