Ax Alexis Ross, Megha Srivastava, Jeremiah Blanchard, Jacob Andreas 4/16/2026

Modeling Student Learning with 3.8 Million Program Traces

Student learning model from 3.8M program traces analyzing coding skill development through interaction patterns.

Ax Israel Mason-Williams, Gabryel Mason-Williams, Helen Yannakoudakis 4/16/2026

A Function-Centric Perspective on Flat and Sharp Minima

Function-centric analysis of flat vs sharp minima in deep networks, showing sharpness is function-dependent.

Ax Mehrzad Samadi, Aleksander Ficek, Sean Narenthiran, Siddhartha Jain, Wasi Uddin Ahmad, Somshubra Majumdar, Vahid Noroozi, Boris Ginsburg 4/16/2026

Scaling Test-Time Compute to Achieve IOI Gold Medal with Open-Weight Models

Open-weight LLMs achieving IOI gold medal through test-time compute scaling for competitive programming.

Ax Tongkai Lu, Shuai Ma, Chongyang Tao 4/16/2026

Empowering Targeted Neighborhood Search via Hyper Tour for Large-Scale TSP

Neural method with hyper-tour for targeted neighborhood search solving large-scale TSP instances efficiently.

Ax Amir Noorizadegan, Sifan Wang, Leevan Ling, Juan P. Dominguez-Morales 4/16/2026

A Practitioner's Guide to Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks

Comprehensive review of Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks covering theory, relationships to MLPs and kernel methods, and applications.

Ax Erle Zhu, Dazhi Jiang, Yuan Wang, Xujun Li, Jiale Cheng, Yuxian Gu, Yilin Niu, Aohan Zeng, Jie Tang, Minlie Huang, Hongning Wang 4/16/2026

Data-Efficient RLVR via Off-Policy Influence Guidance

Influence-guided data selection for RLVR with theoretical guarantees for improving LLM reasoning efficiency.

Ax Hsiu-Yuan Huang, Chenming Tang, Weijie Liu, Clive Bai, Saiyong Yang, Yunfang Wu 4/16/2026

Think Outside the Policy: In-Context Steered Policy Optimization

In-context policy optimization for large reasoning models using off-policy exploration to improve RLVR reasoning capabilities.

Ax Jan-Hendrik Ewering, Robin E. Herrmann, Niklas Wahlstr\"om, Thomas B. Sch\"on, Thomas Seel 4/16/2026

Learning Dynamics from Input-Output Data with Hamiltonian Gaussian Processes

Hamiltonian Gaussian Processes for learning physically consistent dynamics from input-output data without velocity information.

Ax Julian Kleutgens, Claudio Battiloro, Lingkai Kong, Benjamin Grewe, Francesca Dominici, Mauricio Tec 4/16/2026

Guided Transfer Learning for Discrete Diffusion Models

Transfer learning via classifier guidance for discrete diffusion models in small-data regimes, extending continuous diffusion techniques.

Ax Jeff Smith 4/16/2026

SHARe-KAN: Post-Training Vector Quantization for Cache-Resident KAN Inference

Vector quantization technique for optimizing Kolmogorov-Arnold Network inference on edge devices with memory constraints.

Ax Haley Rosso, Talea Mayo 4/16/2026

A Review of Diffusion-based Simulation-Based Inference: Foundations and Applications in Non-Ideal Data Scenarios

Review of diffusion models for simulation-based inference with intractable likelihoods, covering theoretical foundations and applications.

Ax Zhihao Ding, Jinming Li, Ze Lu, Jieming Shi 4/16/2026

FlexGuard: Continuous Risk Scoring for Strictness-Adaptive LLM Content Moderation

LLM content moderation system with continuous risk scoring that adapts to changing strictness requirements across platforms, replacing fixed binary classification.

Ax Chenghan Wu, Zongmin Yu, Boai Sun, Liu Yang 4/16/2026

Graph In-Context Operator Networks for Generalizable Spatiotemporal Prediction

Systematic comparison of in-context operator learning versus single-operator learning for spatiotemporal prediction using neural networks.

Ax Chihan Huang, Huaijin Wang, Shuai Wang 4/16/2026

ReproMIA: A Comprehensive Analysis of Model Reprogramming for Proactive Membership Inference Attacks

Comprehensive analysis of model reprogramming techniques for membership inference attacks, evaluating privacy vulnerabilities in deep learning models.

Ax Nida Zamir, I-Hong Hou 4/16/2026

Restless Bandits with Individual Penalty Constraints: A New Near-Optimal Index Policy and How to Learn It

Near-optimal index policy for restless multi-armed bandits with individual penalty constraints for resource allocation in dynamic wireless networks.

Ax Mintae Kim, Koushil Sreenath 4/16/2026

WOMBET: World Model-based Experience Transfer for Robust and Sample-efficient Reinforcement Learning

Framework for generating and leveraging prior data through world models for sample-efficient offline-to-online reinforcement learning in robotics.

Ax Jose Efraim Aguilar Escamilla, Haoyang Hong, Jiawei Li, Haoyu Zhao, Xuezhou Zhang, Sanghyun Hong, Huazheng Wang 4/16/2026

When Can You Poison Rewards? A Tight Characterization of Reward Poisoning in Linear MDPs

Characterizes necessary and sufficient conditions for reward poisoning attacks in linear MDPs, providing theoretical framework for attack feasibility.

Ax Mintae Kim, Koushil Sreenath 4/16/2026

Robust Adversarial Policy Optimization Under Dynamics Uncertainty

Proposes dual formulation for robust reinforcement learning under dynamics uncertainty, addressing limitations of domain randomization and adversarial RL methods.

Ax Wei Li, Hangjie Yuan, Zixiang Zhao, Borui Kang, Ziwei Liu, Tao Feng 4/16/2026

A Faster Path to Continual Learning

C-Flat optimization for continual learning on task streams avoiding forgetting with reduced computational overhead compared to prior approaches.

Ax Augustus Haoyang Li 4/16/2026

THEIA: Learning Complete Kleene Three-Valued Logic in a Pure-Neural Modular Architecture

THEIA: modular neural architecture learning complete Kleene three-valued logic end-to-end across mathematical domains with compositional generalization.

Ax Yuzheng Zhang, Weizhen Li, Rui Carvalho 4/16/2026

Fast and principled equation discovery from chaos to climate

Bayesian-ARGOS: principled method for discovering equations governing complex systems from noisy observations using sparse regression.

Ax Yaxuan Li, Yuxin Zuo, Bingxiang He, Jinqian Zhang, Chaojun Xiao, Cheng Qian, Tianyu Yu, Huan-ang Gao, Wenkai Yang, Zhiyuan Liu, Ning Ding 4/16/2026

Rethinking On-Policy Distillation of Large Language Models: Phenomenology, Mechanism, and Recipe

Systematic investigation of on-policy distillation dynamics in LLM post-training, identifying conditions for success and failure mechanisms.

Ax Goitom Ybrah Hailu, Hadush Hailu, Shishay Welay 4/16/2026

Deep Learning Based Amharic Chatbot for FAQs in Universities

Chatbot using NLP and deep learning to answer FAQs in Amharic language for university students, addressing common administrative questions.

Ax Boya Hou, Sina Sanjari, Nathan Dahlin, Alec Koppel, Subhonmesh Bose 4/16/2026

Nonparametric Sparse Online Learning of the Koopman Operator

Sparse online learning algorithm for Koopman operator with stochastic approximation and convergence guarantees for nonlinear dynamical systems.

Ax Chinmay Datar, Taniya Kapoor, Abhishek Chandra, Qing Sun, Erik Lien Bolager, Iryna Burak, Anna Veselovska, Massimo Fornasier, Felix Dietrich 4/16/2026

Fast training of accurate physics-informed neural networks without gradient descent

Fast training method for physics-informed neural networks solving PDEs without gradient descent, addressing optimization and temporal causality.

Ax Zeyue Tian, Zhaoyang Liu, Yizhu Jin, Ruibin Yuan, Liumeng Xue, Xu Tan, Qifeng Chen, Wei Xue, Yike Guo 4/16/2026

AudioX: A Unified Framework for Anything-to-Audio Generation

AudioX: unified multimodal framework for anything-to-audio generation integrating text, video, and audio signals for flexible audio synthesis.

Ax Thai Bui, Luan Nguyen, Hoa T. Vu 4/16/2026

Fast and Simple Densest Subgraph with Predictions

Learning-augmented algorithms for densest subgraph problem using ML classifier predictions to achieve linear-time approximation.

Ax Dongze Wu, David I. Inouye, Yao Xie 4/16/2026

Flow-based Generative Modeling of Potential Outcomes and Counterfactuals

PO-Flow: continuous normalizing flow framework for causal inference modeling potential outcomes and counterfactuals from observational data.

Ax Gerasimos Chatzoudis, Zhuowei Li, Gemma E. Moran, Hao Wang, Dimitris N. Metaxas 4/16/2026

Visual Sparse Steering (VS2): Unsupervised Adaptation for Image Classification using Sparsity-Guided Steering Vectors

VS2 method for unsupervised adaptation of vision foundation models using sparse autoencoders for steering vectors without weight updates or labels.

Ax Ximeng Liu, Zhuoran Liu, Yingming Mao, Yatao Li, Shizhen Zhao, Xinbing Wang 4/16/2026

Geminet: Learning the Duality-based Iterative Process for Lightweight Traffic Engineering in Changing Topologies

Geminet: lightweight ML-based traffic engineering framework using duality-based iterative process that handles topology changes with scalability.

Ax Jacob C Walker, Pedro V\'elez, Luisa Polania Cabrera, Guangyao Zhou, Sayna Ebrahimi, Rishabh Kabra, Carl Doersch, Maks Ovsjanikov, Jo\~ao Carreira, Shiry Ginosar 4/16/2026

Frozen Forecasting: A Unified Evaluation

Proposes unified evaluation framework for assessing forecasting capabilities of frozen vision models across diverse tasks and abstraction levels.

Ax Penghui Yang, Chendong Zhao, Bijun Tang, Zhonghan Zhang, Xinrun Wang, Yanchen Deng, Xuyu Dong, Yuhao Lu, Jianguo Huang, Yixuan Li, Yushan Xiao, Cuntai Guan, Zheng Liu, Bo An 4/16/2026

Autonomous Multi-objective Alloy Design through Simulation-guided Optimization

AutoMAT framework combines simulation, ML, and experiments for autonomous alloy discovery across competing objectives with data-efficient workflow.

Ax Yihong Dong, Xue Jiang, Yongding Tao, Huanyu Liu, Kechi Zhang, Lili Mou, Rongyu Cao, Yingwei Ma, Jue Chen, Binhua Li, Zhi Jin, Fei Huang, Yongbin Li, Ge Li 4/16/2026

RL-PLUS: Countering Capability Boundary Collapse of LLMs in Reinforcement Learning with Hybrid-policy Optimization

RL-PLUS method addresses capability boundary collapse in LLMs using reinforcement learning with hybrid-policy optimization to improve reasoning abilities beyond base model limits.

Ax Runnan Fang, Yuan Liang, Xiaobin Wang, Jialong Wu, Shuofei Qiao, Pengjun Xie, Fei Huang, Huajun Chen, Ningyu Zhang 4/16/2026

Memp: Exploring Agent Procedural Memory

Memp framework endowing LLM agents with learnable, updatable procedural memory. Distills agent trajectories into fine-grained instructions and script-like abstractions.

Ax Andrey Goncharov, Nikolai Kondusov, Alexey Zaytsev 4/16/2026

Language steering in latent space to mitigate unintended code-switching

Latent-space steering method to reduce code-switching in multilingual LLMs. Uses PCA on parallel translations to control language identity at inference time.

Ax Yihong Dong, Zhaoyu Ma, Xue Jiang, Zhiyuan Fan, Jiaru Qian, Yongmin Li, Jianha Xiao, Zhi Jin, Rongyu Cao, Binhua Li, Fei Huang, Yongbin Li, Ge Li 4/16/2026

Saber: An Efficient Sampling with Adaptive Acceleration and Backtracking Enhanced Remasking for Diffusion Language Model

Diffusion language models with adaptive acceleration for code generation. Proposes Saber to balance inference speed and output quality with sampling optimization.

Ax Mingen Li, Houjian Yu, Yixuan Huang, Youngjin Hong, Hantao Ye, Changhyun Choi 4/16/2026

Hierarchical DLO Routing with Reinforcement Learning and In-Context Vision-language Models

RL and vision-language models for long-horizon deformable object routing tasks in robotic assembly. Addresses planning and skill execution for cable/rope manipulation.

Ax Mohammad M Maheri, Sunil Cotterill, Alex Davidson, Hamed Haddadi 4/16/2026

ZK-APEX: Zero-Knowledge Approximate Personalized Unlearning with Executable Proofs

ZK-APEX system enables verifiable personalized machine unlearning on edge devices using zero-knowledge proofs for compliance verification.

Ax Vansh Kapoor, Aman Gupta, Hao Chen, Anurag Beniwal, Jing Huang, Aviral Kumar 4/16/2026

TRIM: Hybrid Inference via Targeted Stepwise Routing in Multi-Step Reasoning Tasks

TRIM framework routes only critical reasoning steps to capable models in multi-step reasoning tasks, reducing cascading failures in LLM applications.

Ax Md Akib Haider, Ahsan Bulbul, Nafis Fuad Shahid, Aimaan Ahmed, Mohammad Ishrak Abedin 4/16/2026

LoRA-MME: Multi-Model Ensemble of LoRA-Tuned Encoders for Code Comment Classification

LoRA-MME ensemble architecture using parameter-efficient fine-tuning of transformer encoders for multi-label code comment classification.

Ax Vasilis Belis, Joseph Bowles, Rishabh Gupta, Evan Peters, Maria Schuld 4/16/2026

Spectral methods: crucial for machine learning, natural for quantum computers?

Argument for quantum computers being naturally suited for spectral machine learning methods that manipulate Fourier spectra.

Ax Yihong Dong, Jianha Xiao, Xue Jiang, Xuyuan Guo, Zhiyuan Fan, Jiaru Qian, Kechi Zhang, Jia Li, Zhi Jin, Ge Li 4/16/2026

Evaluating the Formal Reasoning Capabilities of Large Language Models through Chomsky Hierarchy

Systematic evaluation of LLM formal reasoning capabilities using Chomsky hierarchy and computation theory benchmarks for automated software engineering.

Ax Shuai Zhen, Yanhua Yu, Ruopei Guo, Nan Cheng, Yang Deng 4/16/2026

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning with Augmented Step-Level Transitions for LLM Agents

STEP-HRL hierarchical reinforcement learning framework reduces computational cost of LLM agents by learning from single-step transitions instead of long histories.

Ax Yu Li, Sizhe Tang, Tian Lan 4/16/2026

Reason in Chains, Learn in Trees: Self-Rectification and Grafting for Multi-turn Agent Policy Optimization

T-STAR framework applies tree-structured reinforcement learning to improve multi-turn LLM agent policy optimization by identifying critical reasoning steps.

Ax David Gringras 4/16/2026

IatroBench: Pre-Registered Evidence of Iatrogenic Harm from AI Safety Measures

Pre-registered evidence showing AI safety measures can produce iatrogenic harm in medical LLM outputs depending on prompt phrasing.

Ax Yuxin Chen, Chumeng Liang, Hangke Sui, Ruihan Guo, Chaoran Cheng, Jiaxuan You, Ge Liu 4/16/2026

LangFlow: Continuous Diffusion Rivals Discrete in Language Modeling

LangFlow demonstrates continuous diffusion language models can match discrete counterparts by connecting embeddings and diffusion processes for language generation.

Ax Arun Sharma 4/16/2026

Spatial Atlas: Compute-Grounded Reasoning for Spatial-Aware Research Agent Benchmarks

Spatial Atlas introduces compute-grounded reasoning for spatial-aware research agents, handling multimodal benchmarks through deterministic computation before LLM generation.

HN Zetaphor 4/16/2026

The local LLM ecosystem doesn’t need Ollama

Essay arguing local LLM infrastructure doesn't require Ollama tooling.

HN alihassaanmug 4/16/2026

An Autonomous RL Agent Methodology for Dynamic Web UI Testing in a BDD Framework

Autonomous RL agent integrated with BDD framework for dynamic web UI testing, generating test scenarios aligned with business expectations.

HN jotacesarmp 4/16/2026

Interface of Capitulation: A Black-Box Audit of Instructed Dishonesty in LLMs

Black-box audit documenting systematic dishonesty in frontier LLMs (GPT-4o, Claude, DeepSeek-V3) designed for user satisfaction over truthfulness.